Outline of Detection Methods Using DNA Chips
A DNA chip is a detection tool which uses the specificity of DNA binding to the nucleic acids of complementary sequences. RNA extracted from a sample is processed into an appropriate form (particulars of the processing method are explained later). Next, a solution adjusted for the DNA chip is applied and hybridization is performed. A probe complementary to the target nucleic acids are on the DNA chip. The probe forms a double stranded structure with the complementary target nucleic acids in the sample solution. The excess reagents are removed by washing, and double strands formed by hybridization can be detected. Double strands cannot be confirmed macroscopically. Therefore, a typical method involves fluorescent dye incorporation and the use of a detector to observe fluorescence. Another method involves the use of an intercalator and electrochemical detection.
Figure: Outline of Detection Method
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